Suchergebnisse

It has been criticised that the restitution of children of people who disappeared during the last Argentinian dictatorship highlights a conservative biological conception of personal identity. I will argue that the difficulties of this notion are due to two metaphysical assumptions: an ontology of substantial individuals and an actualist essentialism. I will propose a conception according to which identity is relational and represents potency or locus of power. This will offer a brand new way to understand the biological feature of identity and support restitution. ; Se cuestiona que la restitución de hijos/as de desaparecidos/as durante la última dictadura argentina exalta una concepción biológica, conservadora de la identidad personal. Argumentaré que el problema de esta noción no radica en la apelación a lo biológico, sino en la adopción de dos supuestos metafísicos: una ontología de individuos sustanciales y un esencialismo actualista. Propondré una concepción de la identidad relacional y como potencia o locus de poder, que permitirá re-significar lo biológico de la identidad y apoyar el fenómeno de la restitución.

In this paper we will present the philosophical problem of personal identity and we will analyze the genetic perspective of identity. This perspective has been spread in our society, due to scientific divulgation and formal education. Genetic identification techniques have an impact on identity restitution of children of detaineddisappeared persons in Argentina, who were appropriated during the most recent civic and military dictatorship (1976-1983). We will alert to the utilization of Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo's political strategy –which focuses on a notion of identity based on genes and origin– in other contexts. We will alert to the risk that a genetic conception of identity can lead to genetic determinism. ; En el presente trabajo presentaremos el problema filosófico de la identidad personal y analizaremos el enfoque genético de la misma. Este enfoque constituye una perspectiva generalizada actualmente en nuestra sociedad, a partir de la divulgación científica y la educación formal. Esto se debe, principalmente, al impacto que han tenido las técnicas de identificación genética de personas en la restitución identitaria de los hijos de desaparecidos, apropiados durante la última dictadura cívico-militar argentina (1976-1983). Alertaremos sobre la extrapolación de la estrategia política de las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, que apela a una noción de identidad anclada en los genes y el origen, a otros contextos. Alertaremos acerca del riesgo del determinismo genético al que puede conducir una concepción genetizante sobre la identidad personal.

En el presente trabajo presentaremos el problema filosófico de la identidad personal y analizaremos el enfoque genético de la misma. Este enfoque constituye una perspectiva generalizada actualmente en nuestra sociedad, a partir de la divulgación científica y la educación formal. Esto se debe, principalmente, al impacto que han tenido las técnicas de identificación genética de personas en la restitución identitaria de los hijos de desaparecidos, apropiados durante la última dictadura cívico-militar argentina (1976-1983). Alertaremos sobre la extrapolación de la estrategia política de las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, que apela a una noción de identidad anclada en los genes y el origen, a otros contextos. Alertaremos acerca del riesgo del determinismo genético al que puede conducir una concepción genetizante sobre la identidad personal. ; In this paper we will present the philosophical problem of personal identity and we will analyze the genetic perspective of identity. This perspective has been spread in our society, due to scientific divulgation and formal education. Genetic identification techniques have an impact on identity restitution of children of detained-disappeared persons in Argentina, who were appropriated during the most recent civic and military dictatorship (1976-1983). We will alert to the utilization of Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo's political strategy –which focuses on a notion of identity based on genes and origin– in other contexts. We will alert to the risk that a genetic conception of identity can lead to genetic determinism.

In this paper we will briefly explain the context in which the appropriation of 500 children occurred during the most recent Argentinian dictatorship, in order to analyze the political demand of identity restitution of these people. We will describe the phenomenon of restitution that took place thanks to the strategy of Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, and we will analyze both the role of genetics on the restitution as well as some criticisms to a notion of biological identity considered to emerge from it. We will situate those criticisms in the philosophical debate over personal identity. The main purpose of this paper is to offer two arguments against an alleged genetic notion of personal identity. Firstly, a theoretical argument presents reasons on the basis of contemporary biological knowledge and, secondly, a practical argument refers to the productive role of biotechnologies. Finally, we will discuss some problems that arise from the criticisms themselves in order to give reasons for a defense of the restitution demand.